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目的:回顾性分析2006年1月～2008年12月337例早产小于胎龄儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)及胃肠功能障碍发病情况,并与早产适于胎龄儿比较,分析二者的易感性。方法:广西壮族自治区人民医院新生儿监护室2006年1月～2008年12月收治337例早产儿,根据小于胎龄儿及适于胎龄儿分为观察组与对照组,观察组45例,对照组292例,比较两组患儿NEC及胃肠功能障碍发病率。结果:观察组发生NEC 3例,发病率为6.67%;胃肠功能障碍15例,发病率为33.33%。对照组发生NEC 1例,发病率为0.34%;胃肠功能障碍42例,发病率为14.38%。观察组胃肠功能障碍发病率显著高于对照组(χ2=9.963 2,P=0.001 6),NEC发病率亦显著高于对照组(χ2=8.4509,P=0.003 6)。结论:早产小于胎龄儿是胃肠功能障碍及NEC的高危因素,对于出生体重低于1 500 g的早产小于胎龄儿应严密观察,一旦发生胃肠功能障碍应注意其发展为NEC的可能。
Objective: To retrospectively analyze the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and gastrointestinal dysfunction in 337 cases of preterm labor less than gestational age from January 2006 to December 2008 and compare with those of preterm labor suitable for gestational age Susceptibility. Methods: From January 2006 to December 2008, 337 cases of premature children were admitted to the Newborn Care Unit of People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and divided into observation group and control group according to less than gestational age and gestational age, 45 cases in observation group, The control group of 292 cases, compared two groups of children with gastrointestinal dysfunction and NEC incidence. Results: There were 3 cases of NEC in observation group, the incidence was 6.67%. Gastrointestinal dysfunction in 15 cases, the incidence was 33.33%. One case of NEC occurred in the control group, with a morbidity of 0.34%; 42 cases of gastrointestinal dysfunction with a morbidity of 14.38%. The incidence of gastrointestinal dysfunction in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (χ2 = 9.963 2, P = 0.001 6). The incidence of NEC in the observation group was also significantly higher than that in the control group (χ2 = 8.4509, P = 0.003 6). Conclusions: Preterm infants with small gestational age are the risk factors of gastrointestinal dysfunction and NEC. For premature infants less than 1 500 g of birth weight, gestational age should be closely observed. In the event of gastrointestinal dysfunction, attention should be paid to the possibility of developing NEC .