一、引言自从1960年发射第一颗气象卫星以来已经25年了。这25年来气象卫星技术及其应用都有了很大发展,在全球天气预报、灾害性天气监视、海洋和水文环境监测、农业和交通中起了越来越重要的作用。气象卫星的功能可以大致概括为: (一)利用遥感探测仪器对卫星下垫面进行探测。探测器主要有两类:一类是成象仪 I. INTRODUCTION It has been 25 years since the first meteorological satellite was launched in 1960. Over the past 25 years, meteorological satellite technology and its applications have greatly developed and have played an increasingly important role in global weather forecasting, severe weather surveillance, monitoring of the marine and hydrological environment, agriculture and transport. The functions of meteorological satellites can be broadly summarized as follows: (1) The detection of satellite underlying surface by means of remote sensing detection equipment. Detectors are mainly two types: one is the imager