海上油气作业工作属于高风险类职业,因为类似井喷、漏油及爆炸等安全事故防不胜防,且一旦发生,不但会带来极其重大的人身伤害和财产损失,而且会对生态安全、社会发展带来不可估量且难以修复的损失。所以,怎样才能有效的对风险进行管理,做到事前防御、事中掌控和事后补救,对于油气公司及石油行业整体而言,都是应当给予高度的重视,并全力以赴解决的重大问题。但是防控海洋油污方面,相对于船舶油污建立的完整的责任体系、补救措施以及赔偿基金等,石油勘探开发造成的油污却面临很多困扰。 Offshore oil and gas operations are high-risk occupations because safety accidents such as blowout, oil spills and explosions are unavoidable. In the event of an accident, it will not only bring about extremely serious personal injuries and property losses, but also bring about ecological safety and social development Incalculable and difficult to repair the loss. Therefore, how to effectively manage risks, make ex ante defenses, take control of them and remedy them afterwards, are major issues that oil and gas companies and the petroleum industry as a whole should attach great importance to and try their best to solve. However, with regard to the prevention and control of marine oil pollution, the oil pollution caused by oil exploration and development is facing many problems because of its complete responsibility system, remedial measures and compensation fund as opposed to the establishment of oil pollution.