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目的:了解米易县学校传染病疫情流行病学特征,探讨预防控制学校传染病疫情的策略和措施。方法:收集2011~2015年学校传染病疫情资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果:2011~2015年共有20起学校传染病疫情,其中手足口病7起、水痘7起、流行性腮腺炎3起、甲型肝炎2起、细菌性痢疾1起。疫情多发生于乡、镇学校(60.00%)。以冬春季为高发季节,传播途径以呼吸道(62.26%)为主。结论:与免疫规划相关的传染病是学校卫生工作的突出问题,农村学校是传染病疫情防控重点,应加强预防与控制。
Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases in schools in Miyi County and to explore the strategies and measures to prevent and control the epidemic of infectious diseases in schools. Methods: The data of epidemic situation of school infectious diseases from 2011 to 2015 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results: A total of 20 school infectious diseases were reported in 2011-2015, including 7 cases of HFMD, 7 cases of chickenpox, 3 cases of mumps, 2 cases of hepatitis A and 1 case of bacillary dysentery. The outbreak occurred in the township schools (60.00%). In winter and spring as the season of high incidence, the route of transmission was respiratory tract (62.26%). Conclusion: Infectious diseases associated with immunization programs are a prominent problem in school health work. Rural schools are the focus of prevention and control of infectious diseases, and prevention and control should be strengthened.