研究了在磁场B中受杂质影响的二维3个电子量子点基态的特性. 杂质被固定在z轴上且与量子点平面的距离为d. 计算了基态角动量L0和自旋S0随B和d的演化, 归纳结果于(L0, S0)相图中, 而且探讨了电子的空间分布(量子点的大小、几何结构)和光吸收. (L0, S0)图表明: 当d和(或)B变化时, L0和S0 能够发生跃迁. 我们发现由于对称性限制, 每种对称几何结构只能访问具有特定L0和S0的一组态. The properties of the ground state of a two-dimensional three-electron quantum dot affected by impurities in a magnetic field B are investigated. The impurity is fixed on the z-axis and has a distance d from the plane of the quantum dot. The ground-based angular momentum L0 and the spin S0 with B (D0, s0) in the phase diagrams of (L0, S0) and explores the spatial distribution of electrons (quantum dot size, geometry) and light absorption. When B changes, L0 and S0 can transition, and we find that due to the symmetry constraints, each symmetric geometry can only access a configuration with a particular L0 and S0.