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九十年来,不少学者试图说明或描述京剧的声调特征,但所得结论却不尽相同。关于京剧语音系统的归属有方言说、艺术语言说,关于京剧的调类有五声说、四声说,对京剧的声调系统的构拟分歧也很大。这一方面表明京剧的声调性质比较复杂,对它进行科学描述不太容易,另一方面也与研究主体对研究对象本质的看法和采取的研究方法的不同不无关系。
For 90 years, many scholars have tried to illustrate or describe the tonal characteristics of Beijing opera, but the conclusions are not the same. As for the attribution of Peking opera’s phonetic system, there are dialects in art language that say there are five stereotypes about Peking Opera, and four of them say that there is a great difference in the formulation of Peking opera’s tonal system. On the one hand, it shows that the nature of Peking opera is rather complicated, the scientific description of it is not easy, on the other hand, it is not unrelated to the different opinions of the research subject about the nature of the research object and the research methods adopted.