一、西藏发展概况西藏由于地理、历史和交通等原因,长期以牧为主,经济基础薄弱,生产水平低。近年随着改革开放的深入发展和对外贸易及旅游业的兴起,西藏城乡经济和各项建设事业发生了前所未有的变化,经历了一次新的崛起。西藏农业生产以牧为主,农牧并重,具有独特的高寒农业特色,地区差异和垂直差异显著。西藏种植业主要集中于水、热、土条件较好的河谷地区和局部高原湖盆,作物种植单调,适应高寒自然环境能力强,分布上限高,有“河谷农业”和“高寒农业”之称。农作物以青稞为主,曾占作物总播种面积的92%以上。次为小麦、油菜、豌豆等以及少量的水稻、玉米、鸡爪谷、养麦和元根。畜牧业是西藏农业经济的主体,生产历史悠久,发展潜力大。西藏自治区是中国五大牧区之一。牲畜以牦牛、藏绵羊、藏山羊、黄牛为主,又以藏绵羊、牦牛数量最多。西藏工业从无到有地迅速发展,现已建立了动力、冶 I. Overview of Tibet’s Development Due to its geographical, historical and transportation reasons, Tibet has long been dominated by grazing, with a weak economic foundation and a low level of production. In recent years, with the deepening of the reform and opening up and the rise of foreign trade and tourism, the economy and various construction projects in Tibet have undergone unprecedented changes and experienced a new rise. The main agricultural production in Tibet is grazing, with equal emphasis on agriculture and animal husbandry. It has unique features of high-cold agriculture with significant regional and vertical differences. Tibet’s farming industry is mainly concentrated in the valley areas where the water, heat and soil conditions are good and the local plateau lakes. The crop cultivation is monotonous, with strong ability of adapting to the alpine natural environment and high distribution upper limit. There are “valley agriculture” and “alpine agriculture ”Said. Crops dominated by barley, once accounted for more than 92% of the total sown area of ​​crops. The second is wheat, rapeseed, peas and so on, as well as a small amount of rice, corn, chicken feet, wheat and root yuan. Animal Husbandry is the mainstay of Tibet’s agricultural economy. Its production has a long history and great potential for development. Tibet Autonomous Region is one of the five pastoral areas in China. Livestock to yak, Tibetan sheep, Tibetan goats, mainly cattle, but also to Tibetan sheep, the largest number of yaks. Tibet’s industry has developed rapidly from scratch, and now it has set up its own power plant