类风湿性关节炎(RA)以关节病变为主,有时也出现关节外症状。其机制一般认为是关节内的限局性免疫异常,波及至关节外而出现症状。80%的RA患者存在类风湿因子,有血管炎的RA患者,类风湿因子均阳性,提示类风湿因子同血管炎有关。RA的关节外症状是多种多样的。作为皮肤症状,风湿结节发生率最高。风湿结节发生的初期,局部注射类固醇混悬液往往可使结节消失。小腿溃疡和指、趾坏死,则偶尔可见。 Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common form of arthropathy and sometimes presents with extra-articular symptoms. The mechanism is generally considered to be limited intra-articular immune abnormalities, spread to the joints and symptoms. Rheumatoid factor is present in 80% of RA patients, and RA patients with vasculitis have positive rheumatoid factor, suggesting that rheumatoid factor is associated with vasculitis. The extra-articular symptoms of RA are varied. As the skin symptoms, the highest incidence of rheumatoid nodules. Rheumatoid nodules occur early, local injection of steroid suspensions can often make nodules disappear. Leg ulcers and fingers, toe necrosis, then occasionally visible.