目的　应用胃镜检查及血清抗幽门螺杆菌抗体 (HP IgG)的检测结果对比13 C尿素呼吸试验 (13 C UBT) ,评价13 C UBT对儿童幽门螺杆菌 (HP)感染的诊断可靠性。方法　 1997年 10月～ 1999年 12月我院消化门诊具有反复中上腹痛、脐周痛等上消化道症状的患儿 5 89例 ,年龄 4～ 14岁、平均9岁 ;其中 435例进行13 C UBT检查 ,检测当日早晨空腹口服一杯麦片饮食延缓胃排空 ,接着口服 5 0mg13 C 尿素试剂 ,于服药前及服药后半小时取气样 ,应用同位素比值质谱仪检测 ,以DOB表示。检查前停服抗生素 2周者 2 47例 ,停服 4周者 188例。 41例症状严重的患儿同时做胃镜 ,取胃窦粘膜行嗜银染色检查及快速尿素酶试验 ,两者均阳性者确定为HP感染。对比计算13 C UBT检测结果与胃镜检查的符合率、敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值。同期有 30 0例患儿行血清HP IgG测定 ,其中146例测定了13 C UBT ,观察与HP IgG的符合率。结果　13 C UBT阳性率 2 7 5 8%,随年龄增长感染率上升 ,7岁以后上升明显 ,儿童期感染率剧增 ,符合发展中国家的类型。检查前停服抗生素 2周与 4周者阳性率分别为 2 7 12 %、2 8 19%。血清抗HP IgG阳性率 5 6 7%。胃镜检查阳性率 39%,阳性染色切片中HP菌数量较少。13 C UBT与胃镜检查的符合率为 90 Objective To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of 13 C UBT in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in children by gastroscopy and serum anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody (HP IgG) test results compared with 13 C urea breath test (13 C UBT). Methods From October 1997 to December 1999, 5 89 children with upper gastrointestinal pain, umbilical pain and other upper gastrointestinal symptoms in our hospital digestive clinic were aged from 4 to 14 years with an average of 9 years old. Among them, 435 C UBT test, detect the morning of fasting oral administration of a cup of cereal diet delay gastric emptying, followed by oral administration of 50mg13C urea reagent, taking medication and half an hour after taking the gas sample, the application of isotope ratio mass spectrometry to DOB ​​said. Pre-test antibiotics stopped taking 2 weeks 2 47 cases, stopping taking 4 weeks in 188 cases. 41 cases of severe symptoms of gastroscopy at the same time, take the antral gastric mucosa staining and rapid urease test, both positive were identified as HP infection. Comparisons of 13 C UBT test results with gastroscopy compliance, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value. Over the same period, 30 cases of children with serum HP IgG determination, of which 146 cases were measured 13 C UBT, observe the coincidence rate with HP IgG. Results The positive rate of 13 C UBT was 27.58%. The infection rate increased with age, increased significantly after 7 years old, and the infection rate in childhood increased sharply, which accords with the type of developing countries. The positive rates of taking antibiotics at two weeks and four weeks before the test were 2 7 12% and 2 8 19% respectively. Serum anti-HP IgG positive rate of 56.7%. The positive rate of gastroscopy was 39%. The number of HP bacteria in the positive staining sections was small. The compliance rate of 13 C UBT with gastroscopy was 90