急性肾功能不全 (ARF)可单独由缺血和肾毒性损伤或联合作用引起。根据损伤的严重性不同 ,ARF可以引起肾小管细胞的凋亡或坏死。大量证据证明了凋亡在急性肾功能不全中的作用。胱冬肽酶是凋亡通路的介质之一 ,胱冬肽酶抑制剂改善了急性肾功能不全 ;凋亡通路为预防肾小管细胞凋亡提供了许多潜在的靶位 Acute renal insufficiency (ARF) can be caused solely by ischemia and nephrotoxicity or combined effects. Depending on the severity of the injury, ARF can cause apoptosis or necrosis of the tubular cells. Numerous evidences demonstrate the role of apoptosis in acute renal insufficiency. Caspase is one of the mediators of the apoptotic pathway and caspase inhibitors improve acute renal insufficiency; the apoptotic pathway provides many potential targets for the prevention of tubular cell apoptosis