一、前言随着国际石油危机的出现,节约能源的问题变得越来越突出。过去清洗各种机械零部件和加工工件多采用石油产物——汽油和煤油。目前各国为了减少能源的消耗,都争相研制以水代油的金属除油剂,并已有不少牌号产品投放市 I. Introduction With the advent of the international oil crisis, the issue of energy conservation has become increasingly prominent. In the past to clean all kinds of mechanical parts and processing workpieces to use more petroleum products - gasoline and kerosene. At present, in order to reduce energy consumption, all countries are scrambling to develop water-based metal degreasing agents, and many brands have been put on the market.