近年来,车辆缓冲器的研究工作进展很快,特快客车、臥车以及大吨位貨车上业已采用了缓冲性能比较理想的油压缓冲器。但是,由于其构造复杂和制造成本较高,故至今还没有广泛地使用到一般车辆上,特別是貨车上去。与此同时发展起来的橡胶缓冲器,由于它的优点突出,特別是适宜于货车使用,故自1962年以来日本铁路车辆上已经 In recent years, research work on vehicle bumpers has progressed rapidly, and hydraulic bumpers with superior cushioning performance have been adopted on express passenger cars, sleepers and large tonnage trucks. However, due to its complex structure and high manufacturing costs, it has not yet been widely used on general vehicles, especially trucks. At the same time developed rubber buffer, because of its outstanding advantages, especially suitable for truck use, it has been since 1962 on the Japanese railway vehicles have