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对白云鄂博混合稀土精矿(REO~50%)浓硫酸高温分解工艺放射性废渣的产生过程、组成形貌、粒径分布和资源特性等进行了系统研究和鉴定分类,并对废渣蕴含的资源量及资源化开发进行了初步研究。通过研究得出,废渣富含稀土、钍、铌、磷、铁等多种有价元素,且所含的稀土较少,部分是以矿物形式存在,大部分是以包裹夹带形式存在,其中镨、钕、钆含量偏高,因此该废渣的资源储量和经济价值巨大。按照相关国家标准,废渣中α、β总比放为7.11×10~4Bq/kg左右,属于第Ⅰ级(低放废物);浸出毒性和腐蚀性符合国标要求,属于第Ⅰ类一般工业废物。在热的酸溶液中,可将废渣中各有价元素提取,为综合利用提供条件。
The production process, composition, particle size distribution and resource characteristics of radioactive waste residue from the pyrolysis process of concentrated sulfuric acid pyrolysis of REE ~ 50% were systematically studied and identified, and the amount of resources And resource-based development conducted a preliminary study. The results show that the waste residue is rich in rare earth, thorium, niobium, phosphorus, iron and other valuable elements, and contains less rare earths, partly in the form of minerals, mostly in the form of entrapment, in which praseodymium , Neodymium, gadolinium content is high, so the waste of resources and huge economic value. According to relevant national standards, the total α, β ratio of waste residue is about 7.11 × 10 ~ 4Bq / kg, which belongs to the first grade (low level radioactive waste). The leaching toxicity and corrosiveness meet the requirements of the national standard and belong to general industrial waste type Ⅰ. In hot acid solution, each valuable element in waste residue can be extracted to provide conditions for comprehensive utilization.