“苦难”是人类生活的一部分,自古便是文学作品中的内容之一。而今日的“苦难意识”多集中于“西部文学”中,笔者通过对马丽华散文中“苦难意识”的形成原因、特点以及未来发展的探讨,结合其他“西部散文”作家的创作特点,来窥探西部散文中“苦难意识”的起因、特点和发展。 “Suffering ” is a part of human life, since ancient times is one of the contents of literary works. However, today “misery consciousness ” mostly concentrates on “western literature ”, the author through “the misery consciousness ” in Malihua essay ’s formation reason, the characteristic as well as the future development discussion, unifies other “western prose ”Writers’ creative features, to spy on the causes, characteristics and development of“ misery consciousness ”in the western prose.