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通过田间试验研究了不同供磷水平对8个水稻品种磷素吸收利用和稻谷产量的影响。研究结果表明,两种供磷水平下,水稻的稻谷产量、磷利用效率和各生育期地上部磷积累都存在显著的基因型差异。低磷胁迫显著降低水稻的稻谷产量和各生育期地上部磷积累,显著提高水稻的磷利用效率。相关性分析表明,低磷胁迫下水稻稻谷产量与水稻磷利用效率、生育前期(秧苗期+分蘖期)地上部磷积累以及生育中期(抽穗期)地上部磷积累呈显著正相关(p<0. 05);正常供磷条件下水稻稻谷产量与磷利用效率、生育前期地上部磷积累呈显著正相关(p<0. 05)。因此筛选和培育具有较高磷利用效率和在生育前期具有较强磷素积累特性的水稻基因型可能是缓解南方水稻土磷素严重缺乏的有效途径之一。
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different phosphorus levels on phosphorus uptake and utilization and grain yield of eight rice cultivars. The results showed that there was a significant genotype difference between rice yield and PUE and P accumulation in different growth stages under two levels of phosphorus supply. Phosphorus deficiency significantly reduced rice yield and P accumulation in above-ground parts of rice, and significantly increased the phosphorus use efficiency of rice. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between paddy rice yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency, accumulation of aboveground phosphorus in the early growing stage (seedling stage + tillering stage) and accumulation of aboveground phosphorus in the middle growing stage (heading stage) under low phosphorus stress (p <0 (P <0.05). Under normal phosphorus supply, rice yield was significantly and positively correlated with phosphorus use efficiency and P accumulation at early growth stage (p <0.05). Therefore, selecting and cultivating rice genotypes with high phosphorus use efficiency and high P accumulation characteristics in early growth stage may be one of the effective ways to alleviate the serious shortage of phosphorus in southern paddy soils.