For maritime radiation source target tracking in particular electronic counter measures(ECM)environment,there exists two main problems which can deteriorate the tracking performance of traditional approaches.The frst problem is the poor observability of the radiation source.The second one is the measurement uncertainty which includes the uncertainty of the target appearing/disappearing and the detection uncertainty(false and missed detections).A novel approach is proposed in this paper for tracking maritime radiation source in the presence of measurement uncertainty.To solve the poor observability of maritime radiation source target,using the radiation source motion restriction,the observer altitude information is incorporated into the bearings-only tracking(BOT)method to obtain the unique target localization.Then the two uncertainties in the ECM environment are modeled by the random fnite set(RFS)theory and the Bernoulli fltering method with the observer altitude is adopted to solve the tracking problem of maritime radiation source in such context.Simulation experiments verify the validity of the proposed approach for tracking maritime radiation source,and also demonstrate the superiority of the method compared with the traditional integrated probabilistic data association(IPDA)method.The tracking performance under different conditions,particularly those involving different duration of radiation source opening and switching-off,indicates that the method to solve our problem is robust and effective. For maritime radiation source target tracking in particular electronic countermeasures (ECM) environment, there exists two main problems which can deteriorate the tracking performance of traditional approaches. Frst problem is the poor observability of the radiation source. Second one is the measurement uncertainty which includes the uncertainty of the target appearing / disappearing and the detection uncertainty (false and missed detections). A novel approach is proposed in this paper for tracking maritime radiation source in the presence of measurement uncertainty. Top solve the poor observability of maritime radiation source target, using the radiation source motion restriction, the observer altitude information is incorporated into the bearings-only tracking (BOT) method to obtain the unique target localization.Then the two uncertainties in the ECM environment are modeled by the random fnite set (RFS) theory and the Bernoulli fltering method with the observer altitude is adopted to solve t he tracking problem of maritime radiation source in such contexts. simulations experiments verify the validity of the proposed approach for tracking maritime radiation source, and also demonstrate the superiority of the method compared with the traditional integrated probabilistic data association (IPDA) method. tracking performance under different conditions, particularly those involving different different duration of radiation source opening and switching-off, indicates that the method to solve our problem is robust and effective.