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中国公关行业近二十年来在内地迅猛发展。1978年中国改革开放和2001年中国加入世贸组织更是为中国的公关事业加了一把旺火。在公关教育方面,自从厦门大学新闻传播系把“公共关系”作为正规大学本科课程列入本科培训计划后,公共关系本硕博各层次教育也已在中国内地开花,而高等院校公共关系专业中又以女性占绝大多数。但在一个女性数量占绝对优势的行业中,领导层和管理层却仍以男性为主,这一现象被西方学者称为“glass ceiling effect”(天花板效应)。尽管格伦·M·布鲁姆(Glen M.Broom)等西方学者在20世纪70年代就对公关女性的职业天花板现象开始了研究,但中国特殊的文化背景为进一步研究中国特色的公关女性的职业发展和社会地位提供了新的素材。本文对中国文化背景下的分析会为公关行业女性职业发展以及中国更大范围的女权运动提供方向和论据。
China's PR industry has developed rapidly in the Mainland in the past two decades. In 1978, China's reform and opening up and China's accession to the WTO in 2001 added even more to its public relations undertakings. In public relations education, since the Department of Journalism and Communication of Xiamen University included “public relations” as a regular university undergraduate program in undergraduate programs, education at all levels of public relations has grown in mainland China, while public institutions of higher learning The relationship between professionals and women accounted for the overwhelming majority. However, in an industry where the number of women is an absolute predominance, the leadership and management are still predominantly masculine, a phenomenon known by Western scholars as the “glass ceiling effect” (ceiling effect). Although western scholars such as Glen M. Broom started their studies on the occupational ceilings of public relations women in the 1970s, the special cultural background of China is for the further study of public relations women with Chinese characteristics Career development and social status has provided new material. The analysis of the Chinese cultural background in this article will provide direction and arguments for the career development of women in the PR industry and the wider feminist movement in China.