利用祁连山水源林生态系统定位研究站长期（２２ａ）观测资料，对其河川径流组成及时空变化分析表明，祁连山河川径流一个水文年可划分为枯水径流期、雪融水径流期和洪水径流期３个时期．发源于祁连山高海拔森林覆盖区的河流均为混合补给型河流水源补给主要有地下径流、雪融水径流、降水径流（地表径流、表层潜流、壤中流）和冰川融水径流，径流组成受水源补给影响，径流分配除受降水影响外还受到高山冰川、积雪和森林的影响因此，加强祁连山冰雪和森林资源保护，是实现可持续发展的重要措施 Based on the long-term (22a) observation data of Qilianshan Water Source Forest Ecosystem Research Station, the analysis of its runoff composition and its temporal-spatial variation shows that the Qilian Mountain runoff can be divided into a low water runoff, a snow melt runoff and a flood runoff 3 periods. The rivers that originate from the high altitude forest coverage area of ​​Qilian Mountains are all mixed and recharge type rivers. The recharge of groundwater mainly includes underground runoff, snowmelt runoff, precipitation runoff (surface runoff, subsurface flow, midsummer flow) and glacial melt runoff. The runoff consists of water Supply and runoff distribution are affected by precipitation, alpine glacier, snow cover and forest. Therefore, strengthening the protection of ice and snow and forest resources in Qilian Mountains is an important measure to achieve sustainable development