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所谓超塑性就是指金属在一定条件下变形阻力小而能产生巨大塑性变形的能力。至少有三种超塑性:1)组织超塑性,这种超塑牲是具有稳定的细晶粒组织的金属和合金变形速度小时出现的;2)亚临界超塑牲,这种超塑性是接近相变开始时出现的(对钢来说一般稍低于A_(C1)点);3)马氏体超塑性,这种超塑性与马氏体转变同时出现(一般在M_(?)点至M_H点之间),此时将形成马氏体。研究表明,超塑性并不是某些特殊合金的性能,它对大多数变形合金来说,只要组织经过适当的准备,都可在一定条件下产生。所获得的研究结果包括高速钢、低合金钢和锰钢、钛合金、铝合金和镁合金进行的试验。本文仅介绍高速钢的试验结果。
The so-called superplasticity refers to the metal under certain conditions, the deformation resistance is small and can produce huge plastic deformation capacity. There are at least three types of superplasticity: 1) superplasticity of the superplasticity, which occurs when the deformation rate of metals and alloys with stable fine-grained microstructure is small, and 2) subcritical superplasticity, which is near-phase (A point slightly lower than A_ (C1) for steel); 3) Martensitic superplasticity, which occurs simultaneously with the martensitic transformation (usually at the M_ (?) Point to M_H Between points), at this time will form martensite. Research shows that superplasticity is not a property of certain special alloys. For most deformed alloys, it can be produced under certain conditions as long as the tissue is properly prepared. The research results obtained include high speed steel, low alloy steel and manganese steel, titanium alloys, aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys. This article only describes the test results of high-speed steel.