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目的:探讨番石榴叶总三萜(TTPGL)对2型糖尿病大鼠肾脏病变的影响。方法:采用高糖高脂饮食加腹腔注射小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ,35 mg/kg)方法建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型。将造模成功的糖尿病大鼠随机分为5组:糖尿病模型组,番石榴叶总三萜低、中、高剂量组,罗格列酮阳性对照组;另取12只正常大鼠作为正常对照组。给药组灌胃给药1次/d,连续给药6 w。取血清测定大鼠空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹血清胰岛素(FINS)、血清肌酐(Cr)、血清尿素氮(BUN)。另取肾组织,进行常规HE染色进行病理组织学切片。结果:与正常对照组比较,糖尿病模型组空腹血糖显著升高、胰岛素水平及胰岛素敏感指数下降;血清肌酐及尿素氮水平升高;肾脏病理形态学显示:肾小球内皮及系膜细胞增生,毛细血管腔变窄,基底膜增厚,肾小球肿大、肾小囊变窄,肾小管水肿等。与糖尿病模型组比较,TTPGL中、高剂量组大鼠的空腹血糖显著降低,血清胰岛素水平及胰岛素敏感指数显著升高(P<0.01或P<0.05);同时,TTPGL给药组大鼠血清肌酐、尿素氮含量显著降低,肾脏病理形态学损伤明显改善(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论:番石榴叶总三萜能显著降低2型糖尿病大鼠的血糖水平,提高胰岛素敏感指数,并对糖尿病肾损伤具有明显的保护作用。
Objective: To investigate the effect of total triterpenoid (TTPGL) on the renal lesions in type 2 diabetic rats. Methods: A rat model of type 2 diabetes was established by intraperitoneal injection of low-dose streptozotocin (STZ, 35 mg / kg). The diabetic model rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: diabetic model group, guava leaf total triterpene low, medium and high dose group, rosiglitazone positive control group; another 12 normal rats as normal control group. The administration group was orally administered once a day for 6 weeks. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting serum insulin (FINS), serum creatinine (Cr) and serum urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured in serum. Another kidney tissue, routine HE staining for histological sections. Results: Compared with the normal control group, fasting blood glucose was significantly increased, insulin and insulin sensitivity index was decreased in diabetic model group, serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels were elevated, and renal pathological morphology showed: glomerular endothelial and mesangial cell proliferation, Capillary cavity narrowing, basement membrane thickening, glomerular enlargement, renal capsule narrowing, tubular edema and so on. Compared with diabetic model group, the fasting blood glucose of rats in middle and high dose TTPGL groups decreased significantly, and the level of serum insulin and insulin sensitivity index increased significantly (P <0.01 or P <0.05); meanwhile, serum creatinine , The content of urea nitrogen decreased significantly, and the renal pathomorphological damage significantly improved (P <0.01 or P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Total triterpenoids from guava leaves can significantly reduce blood glucose level and insulin sensitivity index in type 2 diabetic rats, and have obvious protective effects on diabetic renal injury.