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1984年,Jabbai 等人把胃镜下具有特殊表现的胃窦血管病变定名为“西瓜胃”。临床表现既可为隐性胃肠道出血伴慢性缺铁性贫血,也可出现黑粪或呕血。内镜下,病变限于胃窦,由平坦或隆起的红斑为主组或“西瓜条纹”,从幽门部向外呈辐射状排列。显微镜下,主要为毛细管扩张伴灶状血栓、粘膜下静脉扩张迂曲和固有层内肌纤维增生。西瓜胃多见于女性,常伴胃酸缺乏和萎缩性胃炎、肝硬化以及系统性硬化症。其病因不明,曾有人认为是由于胃窦和幽门强有力的肌肉收缩引起慢性间歇性静脉梗塞,或因胃窦粘膜松弛,脱入幽门而反复受损所致。本文介绍内镜激光治疗13例患者的经验和近期疗效。
In 1984, Jabbai and others named gastroscopy as “watermelon stomach” with a special endoscopic vascular lesion under gastroscope. Clinical manifestations of both hidden gastrointestinal bleeding with chronic iron deficiency anemia, but also black manure or hematemesis. Endoscopic lesions limited to the antrum, the flat or elevated erythema dominated group or “watermelon stripes”, radially arranged from the pylorus outward. Microscope, mainly for the expansion of the capillary with focal thrombosis, subdural vein dilatation and intrinsic lamina propria hyperplasia. Watermelon stomach more common in women, often accompanied by achlorhydria and atrophic gastritis, cirrhosis and systemic sclerosis. The etiology is unknown, some people think that is due to gastric and pylorus strong muscle contraction caused by chronic intermittent venous obstruction, or due to antral mucosal relaxation, pyloric and repeatedly damaged due to. This article describes the endoscopic laser treatment of 13 patients with experience and short-term efficacy.