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目的探讨不同性别青年型脑梗死在病因、危险因素、临床表现、预后等方面的异同。方法回顾性分析52例青年型脑梗死临床资料,依据性别进行分组,比较不同性别青年型脑梗死的临床特征的异同。结果青年型脑梗死发病年龄以41～45岁(60%)居多,平均发病年龄(39.87±3.86)岁,且男性多见(占75%)。危险因素方面男女均以高血压病(P<0.05)为主,男性还偏重于嗜烟(P<0.001)、嗜酒(P<0.003)、糖尿病(P<0.049)等因素,女性则需警惕房颤等心脏疾病。TOAST分型中男女构成比不同,男性以LAA型为主(59.0%),女性以OD型(46.2%)、CE型(30.8%)为主,两者差异明显(χ2=25.794,P<0.001)。男女两组在临床表现及影像学累及部位上无明显差异。在预后方面虽两组基线一致,但总体预后无明显差异(χ2=1.076,P=0.606)。结论青年型脑梗死以男性多见,高血压病在致病危险因素方面男女均占据主要地位,男性还应警惕嗜烟酒及糖尿病。在TOAST分型中男性以LAA型为主,女性以OD型、CE型为主,在预后方面男女两组无明显差异。
Objective To explore the similarities and differences of etiology, risk factors, clinical manifestations and prognosis in different genders of youth-type cerebral infarction. Methods The clinical data of 52 young patients with cerebral infarction were retrospectively analyzed and grouped according to their gender. The similarities and differences of the clinical features between different sexes with young cerebral infarction were compared. Results The onset age of young cerebral infarction was 41-45 years old (60%) with the average age of onset (39.87 ± 3.86) years old and more common in men (75%). Risk factors for both men and women were mainly hypertension (P <0.05), men also focus on smoking (P <0.001), alcohol (P 0.003), diabetes (P lt; 0.049) and other factors, women should be vigilant Atrial fibrillation and other heart diseases. There was a significant difference between men and women in TOAST classification (53.0% for male and 46.0% for OD and 30.8% for female) (χ2 = 25.794, P <0.001) ). There was no significant difference between men and women in clinical manifestations and imaging sites. Although the two groups were consistent in prognosis, the overall prognosis was not significantly different (χ2 = 1.076, P = 0.606). Conclusion Young-type cerebral infarction is more common in males. Hypertension occupies a major position in risk factors for men and women. Men should also be alert to alcohol-addiction and diabetes mellitus. In the TOAST classification, the male is predominantly LAA type, while the female is mainly OD type and CE type. There is no significant difference between the two groups in prognosis.