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在海外油田地面工程建设项目的管道设计中,一般采用美国ASMEB31系列标准,其中常用的管道标准有ASMEB31.3、ASMEB31.4和ASMEB31.8,相应的国内标准有GB50316、GB50350、GB50253、GB50251。从管道直管内压设计、无损检测、压力试验等方面分析了美国ASMEB31系列标准和国内相关标准的主要差异和产生原因。在管道设计壁厚的选取方面,主要探讨了钢板负偏差和腐蚀裕量的问题;在无损检测和压力试压方面,国内标准的要求相对国外标准更加严格。结合项目实际,着重阐述了在海外油气田地面工程设计中需要注意的问题,旨在更好地把握和应用ASMEB31系列标准;相对于中国国家标准,美国相关标准的更新速度更快,使用部门及其设计者需要及时关注和掌握ASMEB31系列标准的最新版本和内容变化。
In the pipeline design of overseas oilfield ground construction projects, the American ASMEB31 series of standards are generally adopted. The common pipeline standards are ASMEB31.3, ASMEB31.4 and ASMEB31.8, and the corresponding domestic standards are GB50316, GB50350, GB50253 and GB50251. The main differences and causes of the ASMEB31 series of domestic standards and related domestic standards are analyzed from the aspects of straight pipe internal pressure design, nondestructive testing and pressure testing. In the selection of pipe wall thickness, the problems of negative deviation of steel plate and corrosion allowance are mainly discussed. In the aspect of nondestructive testing and pressure test, the requirements of domestic standards are more strict than those of foreign countries. Combined with the actual project, this paper focuses on the issues that need attention in the design of offshore oil and gas fields in order to better grasp and apply the ASMEB31 series of standards; relative to the Chinese national standards, the relevant standards in the United States update faster, Designers need to keep an eye on and master the latest ASMEB31 series of standards and content changes.