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世界各国的票据法对票据遗失的法律救济方式主要有三种:挂失止付、公示催告和失票诉讼制度。挂失止付是我国的传统做法,它仅是一种临时性救济措施;公示催告制度是大陆法系国家的普遍作法,我国1991年修订的民事诉讼法第十八章规定了公示催告程序,在司法实践中的适用最为广泛;失票诉讼是英美法系国家票据法上的一种法律制度,我国1996年实施的票据法也规定了失票诉讼制度,作为票据遗失的另一种救济制度。公示催告和失票诉讼制度有不同的功能,如何在司法实践中根据案件的具体情况灵活选择相应的制度,以保护票据关系各方当事人的合法权益,兼顾票据的流通性和安全性,是票据纠纷案件审理中的一个值得研究的问题。
There are mainly three types of legal remedies for the loss of bills in negotiable instruments laws of various countries in the world: the reporting of losses, the public proclamation and the lawsuit of losing fare. It is only a kind of temporary remedial measure. The publicity and reminding system is a common practice in civil law countries. The 18th chapter of Civil Procedure Law revised in 1991 stipulates the publicity and appealing procedure. Judicial practice in the most widely used; Lost lawsuit is a legal system of the United States and Anglo-American legal instruments, the implementation of China’s 1996 Act also provides for the lost bill of litigation system, as a lost instrument another relief system. Public notice and the lawsuit of the lost ticket have different functions. How to flexibly select the appropriate system according to the specific circumstances of the case in judicial practice so as to protect the lawful rights and interests of all parties involved in the bill, give consideration to the negotiability and security of the bill, A Disputable Issue in the Trial of Dispute Cases.