失业问题在社会主义国家是一个敏感的题目,中国亦不例外。在中国无论是城市或农村都有失业现象。在农村,在许多方面获得成功的改革已经揭露出过去公社体制下多余劳动力普遍存在,那时相当多一部分群众失业的真象被掩盖过去。在城市去年十月份宣布的改革中,如果各工厂经理人员有解雇多余劳动力的大权,短期的城市失业人数也要大量增加。 Unemployment is a sensitive issue in the socialist countries and China is no exception. Unemployment is a problem both in urban and rural areas in China. In rural areas, reforms that have succeeded in many ways have revealed the ubiquity of surplus labor in the past commune system, when a large part of the masses were unemployed and their truth was overshadowed. In the city’s reform announced in October last year, the number of urban unemployed workers in the short term should also increase substantially if the plant managers have the power to fire redundant workers.