过去认为子宫颈在分娩过程中处于被动的地位,即单由子宫肌肉收缩,使宫颈扩大和回缩,近年来通过组织化学的检查,动物实验及临床的观察,发现子宫颈在妊娠中和分娩前后已有其自身的变化,亦是一个功能器官。一、育龄非孕宫颈的生理特点子宫颈是从子宫峡部下界至子宫颈外口,未孕妇女的宫颈,一般有3～4cm 长。其结构包括上皮、腺体、结缔组织、平滑肌及血管、细胞,其中结缔组织约占85～90%,平滑肌占10～15%。因此,结缔组织 In the past that the cervix in the delivery process in a passive position, that is, by the contraction of the uterus muscle alone, so that the expansion and contraction of the cervix in recent years through histochemical examination, animal experiments and clinical observations found that the cervix in pregnancy and childbirth Before and after its own changes have also been a functional organ. First, the physiological characteristics of non-pregnant women of childbearing age The cervix is ​​from the lower end of the isthmus to the cervix outside the cervix, not pregnant women’s cervix, usually 3 ~ 4cm long. Its structure includes the epithelium, gland, connective tissue, smooth muscle and blood vessels, cells, of which about 85-90% of connective tissue, smooth muscle accounted for 10 to 15%. Therefore, connective tissue