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目的 为尘肺的发病机制研究、治疗提供无损伤的家兔尘肺动物模型和肺灌洗方法。方法 采用气管插管向家兔气管内注入直径≤ 5 μm的粉尘 ,用改进的灌洗导管进行肺灌洗。结果 染煤尘家兔全肺多处出现点状和片状黑色尘斑 ,成纤维细胞增生 ;染矽尘家兔全部发现矽结节且有多处融合。X线摄片证实染尘家兔两肺存在不规则小阴影或片状融合阴影及类圆形阴影等。灌洗液回收率为 89%～94%。结论 采用气管插管和改进的灌洗导管制备尘肺模型和进行肺灌洗 ,方法简便、安全、无损伤。
The aim is to study the pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis and to provide a noninvasive animal model of pneumoconiosis and lung lavage in rabbits. Methods Intratracheal instillation of dust ≤5 μm in diameter was performed by tracheal intubation and lavage of the lung was performed with an improved lavage catheter. RESULTS: Spotted and patchy black dust spots and fibroblasts proliferated at multiple sites in the whole lung of stained coal dust stained rabbits. Silica nodules were found in all the stained silicon dust and fused at multiple sites. X-ray film confirmed the existence of irregular dust in rabbits in both lungs irregular small shadow or patchy fusion shadows and round shadows. Lavage fluid recovery was 89% to 94%. Conclusion The model of pneumoconiosis and pulmonary lavage are prepared by tracheal intubation and improved lavage catheter. The method is simple, safe and without injury.