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对于高堆石坝,施工期心墙内部是否会出现过低的竖向土压力或较高的孔隙水压力对施工期以及蓄水期大坝安全稳定具有重要意义。以施工期砾石土心墙应力监测资料为基础,结合施工进度和过程资料,分别从时间、空间和影响因素分析砾石土心墙施工期竖向土压力和孔隙水压力,以期对土质心墙高堆石坝的设计理论和施工措施的完善具有促进作用。竖向土压力主要和土重度、土柱厚度和拱效应有关,沿坝轴线基本为对称分布;心墙拱效应最强烈的部位大约在1/3坝高处坝轴线附近;存在拱效应的高程土压力呈驼峰状分布,坝轴线附近土压力最小。孔隙水压力主要和竖直土压力、含水率有关。在大坝填筑过程中,应加强心墙土料和上下游坝壳含水率的控制,避免过高孔隙水压力的产生,并降低拱效应的影响。
For high rockfill dam, it is of great significance for the dam to have low vertical earth pressure or high pore water pressure during the construction period as well as the dam safety and stability during the storage period. Based on the stress monitoring data of gravelly soil core wall during construction period, the vertical earth pressure and pore water pressure during the construction period of gravelly soil core wall are analyzed separately from the time, space and influencing factors according to the construction schedule and process data. Rockfill dam design theory and improve the construction measures have a catalytic role. The vertical earth pressure is mainly related to the heavy soil, the thickness of the soil column and the arch effect, and is basically symmetrical along the axis of the dam. The strongest part of the wall arch effect is about 1/3 dam height near the dam axis; Earth pressure hump distribution, earth pressure near the dam axis minimum. Pore water pressure is mainly related to vertical earth pressure and moisture content. During the construction of dams, the control of the water content in the core material and upstream and downstream dam shells should be strengthened to avoid the generation of excessively high pore water pressure and reduce the effect of arch effect.