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对行波管阴极钼筒和钽支撑筒的焊接材料及焊接工艺进行了研究,并用数值模拟方法对焊接结构的残余应力进行了分析,获得焊接残余应力值及其分布,并与试验值进行了比对,仿真结果与试验结果一致。同时将残余应力结果作为预应力加载到行波管阴极组件上,分析了其对结构强度的影响。结果表明:焊接残余应力使阴极组件结构在实际工作中的应力值增大且应力分布发生了变化,在残余应力的影响下,钽支撑筒在高温工作时的应力由332变化为412 MPa,增幅达24%,而且最大应力的位置也由钽爪内表面转移到钽爪拐角处。而六个钽支撑爪子的外表面(焊接处)由于残余应力最大,该处应力值也由101增加到250 MPa,增幅高达150%。因此阴极组件中钽支撑筒与阴极钼筒的焊接处很容易因应力值过大而失效,需要对焊接处残余应力进行消除和控制并对结构进行加固设计。
The welding materials and welding process of the traveling wave tube cathodic molybdenum tube and tantalum support tube were studied. The residual stress of the welded structure was analyzed by numerical simulation method, and the welding residual stress value and its distribution were obtained, and compared with the experimental values Comparison, the simulation results and test results. At the same time, the residual stress results were loaded into the TWT cathode assembly as a prestress, and its influence on the structural strength was analyzed. The results show that the stress of the cathode assembly structure increases and the stress distribution changes when the residual stress is applied. Under the influence of residual stress, the stress of the tantalum support tube changes from 332 to 412 MPa at high temperature, Up to 24%, and the location of the maximum stress is also transferred from the inner surface of the tantalum claw to the corner of the tantalum claw. The outer surface of the six tantalum support claws (welding place) due to the maximum residual stress, where the stress value increased from 101 to 250 MPa, an increase of up to 150%. Therefore, the cathode assembly of the tantalum support tube and the cathode molybdenum tube welded easily over-stress due to failure, the need to weld residual stress elimination and control and structural reinforcement design.