铅中毒是可以预防的环境性疾病。儿童和成长中的胎儿特别容易受此侵害;即便是低血铅水平也会影响学习与行为。研究者评估了儿童及其照看者的血铅水平和铅暴露的危险因素。从20个随机选择的村庄中随机挑选2~6岁的儿童。儿童和其照看者提供静脉血,并且照看者提供铅暴露的可能危险因素信息。儿童血铅水平的平均值是39μg/L,照看者是16μg/L,即便是在平衡了年龄和性别之后,与其他儿童相比,血铅水平≥100μg/L的儿童,约22.9倍(95%C I:4.5~116.0)的可能性其照看者存在血铅水平升高,约6.2倍的可能性生活在外岛,约3.4倍的可能性家庭成员中有人从事制造铅坠。对于儿童,61%血铅升高者都归因于制造铅坠。在平衡年龄和教育水平之后,血铅水平升高的照看者住在熔解电池的屋子是其他照看者的5.9倍。对照看者来说,37%的血铅水平升高者归因于熔解电池。儿童和他们的照看者血铅水平共同升高表明他们有相同的环境暴露。儿童及其照看者因熔解电池、制造铅坠所引起的铅暴露是可以预防的。 Lead poisoning is a preventable environmental disease. Children and growing fetuses are particularly vulnerable to this; even low blood lead levels can affect learning and behavior. Researchers assessed blood lead levels and the risk factors for lead exposure in children and their caregivers. Random selection of children from 2 to 6 years old from 20 randomly chosen villages. Children and their caregivers provide venous blood, and caregivers provide information on possible risk factors for lead exposure. Children’s blood lead levels were 39 μg / L on average and 16 μg / L for caregivers, even after balancing age and gender, children who had blood lead levels ≥100 μg / L, compared with other children, were approximately 22.9-fold (95% % CI: 4.5-116.0). The probability that the caregiver has elevated blood lead levels about 6.2 times the probability of living in the outer islands is about 3.4 times higher than that of any other family member who is involved in the manufacture of lead plugs. In children, 61% of those with elevated blood lead are attributed to making lead pendants. After balancing age and education, watchers with elevated blood lead levels had 5.9 times more room to melt their batteries than other caregivers. For the control group, 37% of those with elevated blood lead levels were due to melting cells. A common increase in blood lead levels in children and their caregiver indicates that they have the same environmental exposure. Lead and lead exposure by children and their caregivers in manufacturing lead plugs is preventable by melting the batteries.