十七世纪后半和整个十八世纪,在欧洲思想史上常常被称为理性时代,当时占统治地位的哲学是强调理性思维的笛卡尔主义。全部笛卡尔哲学的出发点是思维的自我,因为在笛卡尔看来,日常的感觉和常识都不可靠,一切都可以怀疑,一切都必须由思维的自我来重新 The second half of the seventeenth century and the entire eighteenth century were often referred to as the rational era in the history of European ideas. The then dominant philosophy was Cartesianism that emphasized rational thinking. The starting point for all Cartesian philosophy is the ego of thinking, for in Descartes’s sense of everydayness and common sense are unreliable, everything is suspect, everything must be renewed by the ego of thought