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采用接枝共聚法制备了马来酸酐和丙烯酸丁酯双单体接枝聚乳酸(PLA)共聚物(mPLA),然后以mPLA为增容剂,通过溶液浇铸法制备纳米纤维素(NCC)/PLA复合材料。采用SEM、DSC、TG、广角X射线衍射(WXRD)、力学和降解性能测试研究了mPLA对NCC/PLA复合材料的结构和性能的影响。结果表明:mPLA在PLA与NCC之间起到了良好的界面增容作用,促进了NCC在PLA基体中的分散。更精细分散的NCC促进了PLA的结晶成核,复合材料的结晶温度降低,结晶度提高;NCC/mPLA/PLA复合材料的力学性能随着mPLA含量增加呈先上升后下降的趋势,当mPLA含量为8%时,复合材料的拉伸强度和弹性模量与未添加mPLA的复合材料相比,分别提高了30.2%和41.4%;亲水性的NCC加速了NCC/PLA复合材料的降解,加入mPLA后,复合材料的降解速率有所减慢,但仍然快于纯PLA的降解。
The graft copolymerization of maleic anhydride and butyl acrylate on polylactic acid (PLA) (mPLA) was carried out. Then, mPLA was used as compatibilizer to prepare nanocellulose (NCC) / PLA composite material. The effects of mPLA on the structure and properties of NCC / PLA composites were investigated by SEM, DSC, TG, WXRD, mechanical and degradation properties. The results showed that mPLA played a good interface compatibilization between PLA and NCC and promoted the dispersion of NCC in PLA matrix. The more finely dispersed NCC promoted nucleation of PLA, the crystallization temperature decreased and the crystallinity increased. The mechanical properties of NCC / mPLA / PLA composites firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of mPLA content. When mPLA content Is 8%, the tensile strength and elastic modulus of the composites are increased by 30.2% and 41.4% respectively compared with the composites without mPLA; the hydrophilic NCC accelerates the degradation of the NCC / PLA composites by adding After mPLA, the degradation rate of composites slowed down, but still faster than the degradation of pure PLA.