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“农业公社”是马克思在给查苏利奇《复信草稿》中提出的重要概念。本文在综合考察法文手稿及相关原文资料后进一步确认:“农业公社”是马克思在“农村公社”这一当时学界习用语基础上的术语创新,两者不可混同;由于有关日耳曼“农业公社”的研究意味着马克思在欧洲农村公社发展谱系的认识上已开始摆脱“亚细亚的”历史观,因此绝不可把“农业公社”与所谓的“亚细亚公社”等同起来。尽管如此,因为“农业公社”概念无论在现实中还是历史上都可能与俄国公社的实际情况不符,所以马克思最终放弃了对“农业公社”概念的继续探讨。
“Agricultural Commune ” is an important concept put forward by Marx in the Chazuliqi “complex letter draft”. This article further confirms after examining the French manuscripts and the related original materials: “Agricultural commune” is a term innovation based on Marxist academic terms at that time in “rural commune”, which can not be mixed with each other; as a result, The study of “agricultural commune” means that Marx’s understanding of the pedigree of rural communes in Europe has begun to get rid of the “Asian” view of history and therefore must not combine “agricultural commune” with the so-called “Asian commune” Equivalent. Nevertheless, Marx eventually gave up his continuous discussion of the concept of “agricultural commune” because the concept of “agricultural commune” may be inconsistent with the actual situation of the Russian commune both in reality and in history.