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【目的】研究影响我国婴幼儿喂养困难发生的围生期因素。【方法】多阶段分层整群随机抽样法选取全国69个市(县、区)6～24月龄婴幼儿4 017名,采用中国婴幼儿喂养困难评分量表评估其喂养困难状况,并采用自制问卷对围生期情况进行调查,Logistic回归分析筛选与婴幼儿喂养困难相关的围生期因素。【结果】妊娠高血压综合症、妊娠期糖尿病、前置胎盘、早产、低出生体重、高胆红素血症及新生儿窒息是喂养困难发生的危险因素。【结论】围生期情况对喂养困难发生有重要影响。规范母亲孕期保健、预防新生儿期疾病发生是降低婴幼儿喂养困难发生率的有效方法。
【Objective】 To study the perinatal factors that affect the infant feeding difficulties in our country. 【Method】 A total of 4 017 infants from 6 to 24 months in 69 cities (counties and districts) in China were selected by random sampling with stratified cluster stratification method. The difficulty of feeding was evaluated by using China Infant and Toddler Feeding Difficulty Rating Scale Self-made questionnaire survey of perinatal conditions, Logistic regression analysis of screening and infant feeding difficulties related perinatal factors. 【Results】 Pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, placenta previa, premature delivery, low birth weight, hyperbilirubinemia and neonatal asphyxia were risk factors for feeding difficulties. 【Conclusion】 Perinatal conditions have important influence on feeding difficulties. Regulating maternal health during pregnancy and preventing neonatal disease is an effective way to reduce the incidence of infant and young child feeding difficulties.