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智能材料结构技术是80年代后期发展起来的一项新技术,美国军界于1984年首先开展研究,其后各国都对其产生了浓厚兴趣,纷纷注资立项。到底什么是智能材料结构呢?智能材料结构中的“智能”二字暗示了这种材料具有某种形式的智慧特点。一般来说,这种结构不仅具有通常材料结构的承载能力,还应具有感知、识别、处理及学习等多种功能。简单地说,将具有仿生命功能的材料融合于常规材料结构中,使制成的新材料结构易有人们所期望的智能功能,这种材料称为智能材料结构。
Intelligent material structure technology was developed in the late 1980s as a new technology. The U.S. military conducted its research first in 1984, and then all countries were greatly interested in it. What exactly is a smart material structure? The word “smart” in the structure of smart materials suggests that the material has some form of intellectual character. In general, this structure not only has the bearing capacity of the usual material structure, but also has a variety of functions such as sensing, recognition, processing and learning. Simply put, the integration of biomimetic materials into the conventional material structure, so that the resulting new material structure is easy to have the desired smart function, this material is called intelligent material structure.