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目的调查蚌埠市高砷水源的分布和地方性砷中毒患病情况,为改水和砷中毒防治提供依据。方法在2003年和2005年调查的基础上,对已知高砷区的周边和蚌埠市淮河沿岸的行政村进行水源筛查和病情调查。在被调查自然村的东、西、南、北、中5个不同方位,按被调查村的总水源数的10%的进行采样。对饮水砷含量较高(超过0.15mg/L)的村进行居民病情普查。结果在调查的400份水样中,65份水样砷超标,最高达0.62mg/L,平均水砷0.14 mg/L,超标水井的平均井深24.69m;病情调查共调查2 411人,发现157例地方性砷中毒病例,患病率为6.51%,男女之间无差异(χ2=1.02,P>0.05),随着年龄增加,患病率增高(χ2=190.84,P<0.01)。结论蚌埠市沿淮河两岸存在地方性砷中毒病区,形成原因还有待进一步研究;对于水砷超标严重、患病率高的村庄应尽快实施改水;对于水砷超标和患病率没有出现正相关关系这一现象,应做进一步研究分析。
Objective To investigate the distribution of high-arsenic water sources and the prevalence of endemic arsenism in Bengbu City, and to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of water diversion and arsenic poisoning. Methods Based on the surveys in 2003 and 2005, the water sources screening and disease investigation were conducted in the surrounding areas of the known high arsenic area and the administrative villages along the Huaihe River in Bengbu City. In the surveyed villages of East, West, South, North, Central, five different locations, according to the surveyed villages of the total water resources for 10% of the sample. Arsenic content in drinking water (more than 0.15mg / L) village residents survey. Results Among the 400 water samples surveyed, 65 samples of arsenic exceeded the standard, up to 0.62 mg / L, the average water arsenic was 0.14 mg / L, and the average well depth of the exceeding standard wells was 24.69 m. A total of 2 411 persons were surveyed and 157 Cases of endemic arsenism cases, the prevalence was 6.51%, no difference between men and women (χ2 = 1.02, P> 0.05), with age, the prevalence increased (χ2 = 190.84, P <0.01). Conclusion There are some endemic arsenism areas along the banks of the Huaihe River in Bengbu City. The cause of formation is yet to be further studied. In villages where the water arsenic level is too high and the prevalence rate is high, irrigation should be carried out as soon as possible. Related phenomena, this phenomenon should be further studied.