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古罗马法学家马尔西安首次提出了“一切人共有的物”的概念,体现了古典时期罗马法的世界主义思想。“一切人共有的物”包括4种客体:空气、流水、大海及海滨。从经济或自由的角度看,它们的性质彼此存在差别。由于认识上的偏差,“一切人共有的物”概念一度崩溃,I.2,1,1与现代拉美各国民法典相关条文的对比表明,“一切人共有的物”的多数客体已转化为现代的国家公产客体,国际主义被缩减为民族主义;涉及的问题也由市民法转入了行政法。在当代,“一切人共有的物”除了公海外,还增加了一些新品种,如全人类世界遗产等。这标志着“一切人共有的物”概念的复兴,并必将成为“英特纳雄耐尔”实现的第一块基石。
For the first time, the ancient Roman jurist Marcelien put forward the concept of “the common things of all people” and embodied the cosmopolitan thought of Roman law in the classical period. The Common Things for All consists of four objects: air, flowing water, sea and seafront. From an economic or liberal point of view, their nature is different from each other. Due to the deviation in understanding, the concept of “the common things of all people” once collapsed. The comparison of I.2,1,1 with the relevant articles of the modern Latin American countries in the civil code shows that most of the objects of the “common things of all people” have been transformed into modern Of the national public object, internationalism has been reduced to nationalism; the issues involved have also been transferred from civil law to administrative law. In the contemporary era, “common things for all” apart from the high seas, some new varieties have also been added, such as the world heritage of mankind. This marks the rejuvenation of the concept of “things common to all” and will surely become the first cornerstone of the realization of “Intelne-Kona.”