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高海拔雪冰可以记录源自于地球表面的各种化学物质信号.从2002年9月到2005年10月3年的时段内,在天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川积累区采集积雪样品,运用比较法、相关分析法等方法,对其中主要离子、不溶粉尘、痕量金属和δ18O等特征及其季节变化进行了分析研究.分析结果表明,积雪离子浓度大小顺序依次为:Ca2+>SO24->NO-3>Cl->NH+4>Mg2+>Na+>K+,其中Ca2+是主要的阳离子,SO24-是主要的阴离子.离子相关性分析表明,除NO-3之外,其他离子浓度之间均存在较好的正相关.积雪中δ18O值随时间变化表现出与大气温度变化相反的规律.积雪中不溶粉尘和主要化学离子浓度具有明显的季节变化特征,春季期间浓度明显高于其他季节,表明沙尘活动对冰川区化学物质输入有较大贡献;此外,痕量金属(Cd、Pb、Zn、Al、Fe)季节变化特征表明,人类活动的污染物对于研究区雪冰中的化学特征亦有重要影响.
High-altitude snow ice can record various chemical signals from the Earth’s surface. From September 2002 to October 2005, a snow-covered sample was collected in glacial accumulation area of Urumqi Heiyuan Tianshan Mountains. Method and correlation analysis, the characteristics of main ions, insoluble dust, trace metals and δ18O and their seasonal variations were analyzed.The results showed that the order of the concentration of snow ions was Ca2 +> SO24-> NO-3> Cl-> NH + 4> Mg2 +> Na +> K +, in which Ca2 + is the main cation and SO24- is the main anion. Ion correlation analysis showed that all the ions except NO-3 There is a good positive correlation between the δ18O values in snow and the temperature changes with time contrary to the law of the snow in the insoluble dust and the main chemical ion concentration has obvious seasonal changes in the spring season was significantly higher than the concentration of other seasons , Indicating that dust and dust activities contribute more to the input of chemical substances in the glacier area. In addition, the seasonal variations of trace metals (Cd, Pb, Zn, Al and Fe) indicate that the pollutants of human activities are highly sensitive to the chemical Features are also important shadow ring.