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本文指出了用传统的方法研究锈菌生理分化存在问题和用生物间遗传学的观点和方法加以改进. 本研究反复地验证了叶锈菌的同小种的不同菌株的毒性可能不同,也证实了在不同地区的叶锈菌的群体毒性可能不同,因此应根据生物间遗传学的观点,在调查小种和测定品种的抗锈时,要注意锈菌群体毒性的专化性和农业生态系的特殊性. 生物间遗传学用的毒力频率研究法,可以用来研究品种和锈菌群体的相互作用和克服选用没有代表性的菌株来测定品种的抗病性和在个体的基础上来研究寄主和病原物的相互作用的缺点. 本研究发展了生物间遗传学用的毒力频率研究法,在分析毒力频率值的同时,也分析相互作用所表现的侵染型及其百分率.有些品种表现的毒力频率值较高被划为感病品种.但它们表现3-型的百分率也较高,说明有一定程度的抗性. 生物间遗传学用以分析锈菌的联合致病性的方法,本研究也用来分析小麦品种的联合抗病性.可以了解几个品种对叶锈菌群体同时表现抵抗的最佳组合,这有助于计划品种合理布局时作参考. 本研究也试用了生物间遗传学的不通过杂交根据表现型推导寄主和病原物的基因型的方法。可以了解小麦品种的抗性基因和叶锈菌的毒性基因的分布情况,这对杂交育种选择亲本组合和对选择叶锈菌株进行品种抗锈性测定可提供有参考价值的信息.
This paper points out that the traditional method is used to study the problems existing in the physiological differentiation of rust and improve the viewpoint and method of inter-biological genetics.This study has repeatedly verified that the toxicity of different strains of the same species of leaf rust may be different, The population toxicity of leaf rust in different regions may be different. Therefore, we should pay attention to the specialization of the toxicity of the rust population and the agroecosystem when investigating the race rust resistance of the races and the tested varieties according to the biological genetics viewpoint Of the particularity of the bio-genetics of the virulence frequency of research methods can be used to study the interaction between varieties and rust populations and to overcome the selection of non-representative strains to determine the disease resistance and on an individual basis to study The host and the pathogen interaction shortcomings.In this study, the development of bio-genetic study of virulence frequency method, the frequency of virulence analysis at the same time, also analyzed the interaction of the performance of the infection type and its percentage Species showed a higher frequency of virulence were classified as susceptible varieties, but they showed a higher percentage of 3-type, indicating a certain degree of resistance.Biological genetics used to points This study was also used to analyze the joint disease resistance of wheat cultivars and to understand the best combination of resistance of several cultivars to the leaf rust population at the same time, For reference.We also tested the methods of bio-genetics that deduced the host and pathogen genotypes by phenotypic phenotype by crossbreeding. We can understand the distribution of the virulence genes of the wheat varieties and the leaf rust fungi, which can provide valuable information for selecting the parental combinations for hybrid breeding and for determining the rust resistance of the selected leaf rust strains.