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1776年美国获得独立时,美国的工业发展水平十分落后。就是在独立后的一个相当时期内,美国出口的主要是农产品和原材料,而大多数的工业制成品则依赖进口。面对当时的落后状况,美国朝野许多人士皆认识到,只有发展自己的民族工业,才能摆脱经济上的落后状态;而民族工业的强盛,则必须依靠科学技术的进步。于是,十九世纪上半期,科学技术教育被提上了重要议事日程。
When the United States gained independence in 1776, the level of industrial development in the United States lagged behind. It was during a considerable period after independence that the United States mainly exported agricultural products and raw materials while most manufactured products relied on imports. In the face of the backwardness at that time, many people in the U.S. ruling and opposition parties realized that only by developing their own national industry can they get rid of the economic backwardness. For the strong national industry, we must rely on the progress of science and technology. Thus, in the first half of the nineteenth century, science and technology education was put on the agenda.