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目的探讨湖南城市汉族的体型特点。方法采用Heath-Carter人体测量方法,对湖南省双峰县城市汉族成人320例(男157例,女163例)进行了体型研究。结果湘语族群城市男性平均体型值为4.3-5.1-1.7,属偏内胚层的中胚层型;城市女性平均体型值为5.4-4.7-1.4,属偏中胚层的内胚层体型。城市男性内、中因子值在40～49岁组达到最大,外因子值在20～29岁组最大。随年龄增长,城市女性内、中因子值逐渐增大,均在60岁以上组达到最大,外因子值在20～29岁组最大。在13种体型中,男女出现率最高的体型为偏内胚层的中胚层体型、内胚层-中胚层均衡体型、偏中胚层的内胚层体型。湘语族群城市男性与蒙古族、鄂温克族、加拿大人体型最为接近,与壮族、马努斯人体型相距较远。女性与鄂温克族、达斡尔族体型最为接近,与壮族、仡佬族、马努斯人体型相距较远。结论湘语族群城市成人具有我国北方族群体型的共同特征。
Objective To explore the body characteristics of Han nationality in Hunan. Methods The Heath-Carter anthropometric method was used to study the body size of 320 Han Chinese adults (157 males and 163 females) in Shuangfeng county of Hunan province. Results The mean body size of urban Chinese in Xiang ethnic group ranged from 4.3 to 5.1-1.7, which belonged to the mesoderm. The average body size of urban women ranged from 5.4 to 4.7-1.4, which belonged to the endodermal body of partial mesoderm. In urban males, the median factor value reached the maximum in the 40-49 age group and the external factor value was the largest in the 20-29 age group. With the increase of age, the median value of urban women gradually increased, reaching the maximum in the group over 60 years old, and the external factor value was the largest in the group of 20 to 29 years old. Among the 13 body types, the body types with the highest incidence of male and female were mesoderm body type of endoderm, endoderm-mesoderm body, endoderm body of partial mesoderm. Xiang ethnic group Urban men and Mongolian, Ewenki and Canadians the closest body shape, and Zhuang, Manus body type is far apart. Women and the Ewenki, Daur, the closest body size, and Zhuang, Mulam, Manus human body distance. Conclusion Adults in the Xiang ethnic group have the common characteristics of the northern ethnic group in our country.