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目的：研究康复疗养对于高原官兵血液流变性的影响。方法将刚下4,000 m以上高原赴临潼疗养院的31名高原官兵分为疗养+高压氧疗组和正常疗养组，分别于入院时、疗养15 d，疗养30 d检测血液流变学指标并进行统计分析。结果高原官兵全血高切黏度、全血中切黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞压积、全血高切还原黏度、全血中切还原黏度随着疗养时间的增加而降低，疗养+高压氧疗组和正常疗养组疗养30 d、15 d较入院差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05），疗养+高压氧疗组较正常疗养组效果好。结论刚下高原官兵通过康复疗养，血液黏度显著降低，对提高高原守防部队官兵的身体素质和健康水平，进一步增强部队连续作战能力有很大帮助。“,”Objective To study the effect of rehabilitation on hemorheological index in soldiers on plateau. Methods 31 soldiers in Lintong sanatorium who just came from the 4,000 meters plateau were divided into recuperating+hyperbaric oxygen therapy group and simple recuperating group, and hemorheological indexes were detected on 1 d, 15 d and 30 d respectively in two groups. Results The whole blood viscosity in high and middle shear rate, plasma viscosity, hematocrit, whole blood reduced viscosity in high and middle shear rate decreased with the increasing of the recuperation time. Compared with the admission day, hemorheological indexes were significantly improved in 15 days or 30 days (P<0.05). The effect of recuperating+hyperbaric oxygen therapy group was better than that in simple recuperating group. Conclusion Through rehabilitation, blood viscosity significantly decreased in the soldiers just caming from the plateau. Rehabilitation is useful for improving physical quality and health level for them.