目的了解云南省妇幼保健院5岁以下散居儿童的营养现状,发现儿童健康管理中存在的问题,为促进和改善儿童营养状况提供干预依据。方法对云南省妇幼保健院门诊2009~2013年5岁以下散居儿童的体检资料进行分析,采用2006年WHO生长发育标准进行评价,SPSS 15软件包进行统计分析。结果 5年间5岁以下儿童营养不良及超重、肥胖发生率有差异性,变化趋势呈波动起伏,不同年龄段营养不良发生率随年龄增大而增加;超重、肥胖发生率均在0岁组最高。结论应针对不同年龄阶段制订相应措施,降低儿童营养不良和肥胖是以后营养改善工作的重点。 Objective To understand the nutritional status of children under 5 years of age in Yunnan Provincial MCH and to find the problems in the management of children’s health and to provide basis for intervention in promoting and improving the nutritional status of children. Methods The physical examination data of out-patient children under 5 years of age from 2009 to 2013 in outpatient clinic of MCH hospital in Yunnan Province were analyzed. The WHO evaluation criteria of WHO growth and development were used for the evaluation. SPSS 15 software package was used for statistical analysis. Results The prevalence of malnutrition, overweight and obesity in children under 5 years of age was different in 5 years. The changing trend fluctuated. The incidence of malnutrition increased with increasing age. The incidence of overweight and obesity were the highest in 0-year-old group . Conclusion Corresponding measures should be formulated for different age groups to reduce malnutrition and obesity in children, which is the focus of later nutrition improvement.