已经确认吸烟是引发肝癌的主要原因。曾有假设认为缺乏抗氧化剂的膳食可能在非吸烟者肺癌的发生中起作用。大多数流行病学研究发现胡萝卜素(而不是视黄醇)能使肺癌发病率降低。有关维生素C和维生素E的资料较少,且有关研究结果不尽一致。有些研究表明能减少肺癌的发生,而另一些却朱发现与肺癌的发生有明显的联系。为调查膳食因素与患肺癌危险性之间的关系,对4,538名芬兰男性做了20年的跟踪研究。开始调查肘被调查者的年龄范围为20～69岁。通过询问膳食史获得膳食摄入量的资料。在所进行的队列研究中共有117人患肺癌。上述人群膳食中类胡萝卜素和维生素C的摄入量较低。庄非吸烟者中,肺癌的发病率与类胡萝卜素、维生素C和维生素E的摄入置成正比,而与视 Smoking has been identified as the main cause of liver cancer. It has been hypothesized that a diet deficient in antioxidants may play a role in the development of lung cancer in non-smokers. Most epidemiological studies have found that carotenes (but not retinol) can reduce the incidence of lung cancer. There is less information on vitamin C and vitamin E, and the results of the studies are not consistent. Some studies have shown that it can reduce the incidence of lung cancer, while others find a clear link with the occurrence of lung cancer. To investigate the relationship between dietary factors and the risk of lung cancer, 4,538 Finnish men were followed up for 20 years. Elbow respondents began to investigate the age range of 20 to 69 years old. Get information on dietary intake by asking about the diet history. A total of 117 lung cancer patients were included in the cohort study. The crowd dietary carotenoids and vitamin C intake is low. Zhuang non-smoker, the incidence of lung cancer and carotenoids, vitamin C and vitamin E intake is proportional to the set, and with