一、多重功能的艺术符号 文学作品虽然看上去是一个线形的词语流。但它却塑造出具有立体感的艺术形象,是一个多层次的系统。这个系统依赖它特殊的语言结构才产生着这样那样、或强或弱的审美功能。美国文学理论家韦勒克把文学称为音响与意义的结构,并且划分出八个层面用以代替简单的形式与内容的分析。我国有些评论工作者也试用系统方法采分析文学作品。 First, the multi-functional art symbol literary works seem to be a linear flow of words. However, it creates a three-dimensional artistic image and is a multi-level system. This system relies on its special linguistic structure to produce such, strong or weak aesthetic functions. Wellek, an American literary theorist, referred to literature as the structure of sound and meaning, and delineated eight levels to replace the analysis of simple forms and contents. Some commentators in our country also use the systematic method to analyze the literary works.