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一靠现代企业制度 据统计,2001年我国新增境外投资企业312家,我国的企业不断走出去;但客观地说,我国许多境外投资企业与外国跨国公司巨头比较起来,国际竞争力还不够。究其原因,主要在于适应全球市场竞争的现代企业制度多数还没有建立起来。这同时也是许多国内企业家感到困惑的一点——走出去后参与国际市场竞争,与对手比产品和资本,还旗鼓相当;但在企业制度和企业管理上却算不上国际化,与对手差了一大截,而就是这个差距拉低了我国企业国际竞争力的分值。 跨国公司的含义,一是企业机制适应国际贸易和投资的需要,即企业制度的国际化;二是企业的经营行业包括投资、融资、生产、销售等方面的国际化。但中国目前的境外投资和经营企业多是经济体制改革的产物,具有发展中国家企业国际化初级阶段的明显特征。我国从事国际化经营的主体中,占主导地位的是大型国有集团公司以及国有股占控股地位的股份制企业,与真正意义上的跨国公司比较,企业决策机制和内部管理机制等方面还存在差别。
According to statistics, in 2001, 312 new overseas-invested enterprises were added in our country, and our enterprises continued to go abroad. However, objectively speaking, many overseas-invested enterprises in our country are not sufficiently competitive internationally with multinational giants. The reason is that most of the modern enterprise systems that are adapted to global market competition have not been established yet. This is also the point that many domestic entrepreneurs feel puzzled - to go out and compete in the international market, and compete with their counterparts more than their products and capital. However, they are not internationalized in corporate systems and business management, A large section, but it is this gap has pulled down the international competitiveness of China's enterprises score. The meanings of multinational corporations include: First, the corporate mechanism adapts to the needs of international trade and investment, that is, the internationalization of the enterprise system. Second, the operating industries of enterprises include internationalization in investment, financing, production and sales. However, most of the current overseas investment and management enterprises in China are the result of economic structural reform and have the obvious characteristics of the initial stage of the internationalization of developing countries' enterprises. Among the main bodies engaged in international operations in our country, dominant state-owned group companies and joint-stock enterprises that hold the controlling share of state-owned shares dominate. Compared with truly multinational corporations, there are still some differences in decision-making mechanism and internal management mechanism among enterprises.