石墨烯作为一种新型二维平面纳米材料,其特殊的单原子层结构赋予了它许多新奇的物理性质,如优异的力学性能、良好的导电和导热性能、杰出的摩擦学性能等,在航空、航天等多个领域显示出良好的应用前景。文章分析了石墨烯晶界结构及结构缺陷,并阐述了共价键修饰石墨烯表面现状,指出了其今后的研究方向及发展前景。 As a new type of two-dimensional planar nanomaterials, graphene, its unique single-atomic layer structure gives it many novel physical properties such as excellent mechanical properties, good electrical and thermal conductivity, outstanding tribological properties, etc., , Aerospace and other fields show a good application prospects. The article analyzes the grain boundary structure and structural defects of graphene, and expounds the current situation of graphene modified by covalent bond, and points out its future research direction and development prospect.