世界卫生组织将导致婴儿低能的众多有害因素归纳为十大类: 一、感染和中毒 这是首位重要因素。已经比较明确的是在胎儿期母体感染风疹、流感和其他病毒性疾病,尤其在初孕3个月,容易招致先天性畸形和智力障碍。围产期羊水感染、婴儿期脑炎、脑膜炎、性病等严重感染,严重妊娠毒血症,孕母受到铅、汞、化学品和药物毒性作用,皆 World Health Organization will lead to many of the harmful elements of low infant energy into ten categories: First, infection and poisoning This is the first important factor. It has been more clear that in the fetus maternal infection rubella, influenza and other viral diseases, especially in the first trimester of 3 months, easily lead to congenital malformations and mental retardation. Perinatal amniotic fluid infections, severe infections such as infantile encephalitis, meningitis, venereal diseases, severe pregnancy toxemia, maternal exposure to lead, mercury, chemicals and drug toxicity