通过对山西部分农村地权分配基尼系数的测算和小土地所有者比例及大地户占地情况的统计可知,在抗战前的山西农村,土地在总体上是比较分散的分配在各个阶层的,以自耕农和半自耕农为代表的小土地所有制占据主导地位,在此基础上的租佃关系比较缓和。乡村社会的矛盾和冲突更多地体现在官民之间,即农民负担过重,受压榨太甚。此外,紧张的人地关系亦是造成农村普遍贫困的一个重要因素。 Through the calculation of the Gini coefficient of some rural land ownership distribution in Shanxi and the statistics of the proportion of small landowners and the land occupancy of large landowners, we can see that in Shanxi rural areas before the Anti-Japanese War, the land is generally scattered in all strata, Small land ownership, represented by self-employed farmers and semi-self-employed farmers, dominates, and the tenancy relationship is relatively modest. Contradictions and conflicts in rural society are more manifested between officials and peasants, that is, peasants are overburdened and over-stressed. In addition, the tension between people and land is also an important factor in causing widespread poverty in rural areas.