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美国经济学家库兹涅茨认为,收入分配不平等的长期发展呈现出一个倒U曲线。在经历了资本主义初期贫富分化严重,不平等呈上升趋势之后,在资本主义高度发展阶段将会自动降低。经济增长将会惠及所有人,每个社会团体都将以同等的程度从发展中获得利益。法国当代经济学家皮克迪认为,当资本收益率比经济增长率更快时,不平等现象就会加剧。20世纪70年代以来,收入不平等在富裕国家急剧上升,尤其是在美国更为严重。经济精英把资本作为收入来源而不是依赖劳动收入,出色的管理人员无法战胜肥猫股东,专业技能不能战胜裙带关系,人力资本无法取得对金融资本和地产资本的胜利,最终,是财富而不是劳动导致社会不平等。不平等不是偶然的,而是资本主义制度的内在逻辑。
According to Kuznets, a U.S. economist, the long-term development of inequality in income distribution presents an inverted U curve. After experiencing the serious polarization of the rich and the poor in the early stage of capitalism and rising inequality, it will be automatically reduced during the height of capitalist development. Economic growth will benefit all, and each social group will benefit from development to the same extent. Pique, a contemporary French economist, argues that inequality will intensify when the rate of return on capital is faster than the rate of economic growth. Since the 1970s, income inequality has risen sharply in rich countries, especially in the United States. Economic elites use capital as a source of income rather than reliance on labor income, outstanding managers can not defeat Fat Cat shareholders, professional skills can not defeat nepotism, human capital can not achieve victory over financial capital and real estate capital, and ultimately wealth rather than labor Lead to social inequality. Inequality is not accidental, but the internal logic of the capitalist system.